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There is two types of transformers in the market- linear transformer and switch mode power transformer. Conversely, a step up transformer has a higher secondary than primary voltage. The transformer laminations or coating of shellac, enamel or varnish is to insulate adjacent turns from shorts between winding. I will not go too details about how transformer work and transformer calculation as you can read more details from most electrical and electronic transformers books. How to test transformers: Transformer failures are relatively rare in most electronic equipment, compared with other components. Whether it is a low voltage transformer, high voltage transformer, current transformer, pulse transformer, electric transformer, custom transformer this equipment will be able to check and test it. If you do not wish to invest on this tester you may use a light bulb to check it. Article: There is two types of transformers in the market- linear transformer and switch mode power transformer. The transformers design is different. Sometimes it is just referred as ac transformer. Linear transformer mostly used in radio, project kits, VCD and etc while switch mode transformer can be found in Monitor, Tv, Fax and so on. A transformer consists of two or more coils wound on the same core. For power transformers, the core material is usually iron. For a radio-frequency transformer, the core material is usually ferrite or air. The plain property of a transformer is to go round AC voltage. A transformer cannot segregation direct current voltage. A step down transformer has a lower AC output voltage at its secondary winding than the AC input voltage to its primary winding. Conversely, a step up transformer has a higher secondary than primary voltage. The transformer laminations or screening of shellac, enamel or varnish is to insulate nearby turns from shorts among winding. I will not go too details regarding how transformer work and transformer calculation as you can read more details from most electrical and electronic transformers books. How to test transformers: Transformer failures are relatively rare in most electronic equipment, compared with other components. If too much current goes through a coil or winding, the winding heats up and can either open up completely, or the insulation betwixt and between turns of wire can demote down, causing the coil to be partly or completely shorted. Just like a coil, you can intercept continuity of any primary or secondary transformer winding. The factual value of DC resistance you read is rather meaningless, but at least you will know whether a winding is open. certification linear transformer is quite straight forward. prescribe for the ac voltage to the primary winding and expect output voltage at the secondary side. No or low output voltage means the transformer winding has open or shorted winding. Look for any evidence of overheating, such as darkened or tarnished areas or a dehydrated smell. About how to test a power transformer-it is a little bit complicated. You cannot direct ac voltage to the equipment and expect the desire output at the secondary side without connect to load otherwise over voltage will happen (because you have removed all the secondary load) and will blow the power section which consist of power fet, pwm ic and etc. Swith mode power supply are designed to run with load while linear transformer can be test without load. The best way to test a switch mode power transformer is first remove it from the board. rout only the primary winding as secondary winding failures are exceedingly rare. How do we know which one is the primary winding? Trace from the big filter cap the positive pin to see where the roundel goes. It will go to one of the pin of the transformer. Then look for the power fet middle pin which is the Drain and it will lead to another pin of the transformer. This two pins is the primary winding of the transformer. trial the resistance of the primary winding only can reveal whether it is open but it cannot velar if it has developed a shorted winding. Only by using a ringer test you will know if it shorted or not. A shorted turn in the primary winding can genesis the power section to blow. The cheapest ringer tester that i came slant is Dick Smith LOPT METER or flyback tester. Just connect the probes to the primary winding and the result are instantly seen from the Led bar graph. 4-8 bar represent a good winding, 1-2 bar represent partial short and if the led goes off means there is a heavy short in the winding. excepting the transformer it can be use to run B+ COIL, horizontal yoke coil and flyback primary winding and trim up (choke). The expensive ringer tester is from sencore equipment. Sencore LC102 and LC103C too service radio receiver it also have the readiness to variegated pattern all kind of winding. Whether it is a low voltage transformer, high voltage transformer, current transformer, pulse transformer, electric transformer, custom transformer this equipment will be able to chain and test it. If you do not wish to invest on this tester you may use a light bulb to baggage check it. Remove one of the primary winding pin and connect a 60 watt light bulb. One end to the primrose path while the other to the transformer pin. If the bulb light and didn't goes off suspect a shorted winding and if the light goes off, the winding is ok. Transformer repair is not easy and it require a good skill to do it. Most of the transformer repairer preferred to rewind bigger winding such as fan, car relay and starter. Swith mode power transformer is a little bit difficult to rewind seeing as how of the small size and low price.
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